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LITTELFUSE INC /DE (LFUS) Business, 2008

LITTELFUSE INC /DE Business

The company's own words from the Business item of each annual report, in the filing's order. Some sections could not be read exactly.

  • 2008: Section Item 1. Business; Text GENERAL; Document 10-K.

Business, as filed

The company's own words from the Business item of each annual report, verbatim and in the filing's order, split at the filing's own headings. Nothing is summarised or reworded. Tables and images are not shown; the document has them.

Fiscal yearSectionTextDocument
2008Item 1. Business

GENERAL

Littelfuse, Inc. and its subsidiaries (the “company” or “Littelfuse”) is the world’s leading supplier of circuit protection products for the electronics industry, providing the broadest line of circuit protection solutions to worldwide customers. In the electronics market, the company supplies leading manufacturers such as Alcatel-Lucent, Celestica, Delta, Flextronics, Foxconn, Hewlett-Packard, Huawei, IBM, Intel, Jabil, LG, Motorola, Nokia, Panasonic, Quanta, Samsung, Sanmina-SCI, Seagate, Siemens and Sony.

The company is also the leading provider of circuit protection for the automotive industry and the third largest producer of electrical fuses in North America. In the automotive market, the company’s end customers include major automotive manufacturers in North America, Europe and Asia such as BMW, Chrysler, Daimler, Ford Motor, General Motors, Honda Motor, Hyundai and Toyota. The company also supplies wiring harness manufacturers and auto parts suppliers worldwide, including Alcoa Automotive, AutoZone, Delphi, Lear, Pep Boys, Siemens VDO, Sumitomo, Valeo and Yazaki. In the electrical market, the company supplies representative customers such as Abbott, Carrier, Dow Chemical, DuPont, GE, General Motors, Heinz, International Paper, John Deere, Lithonia Lighting, Marconi, Merck, Otis Elevator, Poland Springs, Procter & Gamble, Rockwell and 3M. See “Business Environment: Circuit Protection Market.”

Net sales by business unit segment for the periods indicated are as follows (in thousands):

Fiscal Year 2008 2007 2006 Electronics $ 342,489 $ 348,957 $ 365,418 Automotive 126,867 135,109 123,620 Electrical 61,513 52,078 45,821 Total $ 530,869 $ 536,144 $ 534,859

The company operates in three geographic territories: the Americas; Europe; and Asia-Pacific. The company manufactures products and sells to customers in all three territories. There has been and continues to be a shift in the company’s revenues, and consequently manufacturing, to the Asia-Pacific region.

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Net sales in our three geographic territories, based upon the shipped to destination, are as follows (in thousands):

Fiscal Year 2008 2007 2006 Americas $ 201,771 $ 204,305 $ 215,892 Europe 118,559 118,265 111,652 Asia-Pacific 210,539 213,574 207,315 Total $ 530,869 $ 536,144 $ 534,859

The company’s products are sold worldwide through a direct sales force and manufacturers’ representatives. For the year ended December 27, 2008, approximately 62.0% of the company’s net sales were to customers outside the United States (exports and foreign operations), including 19.4% in Hong Kong.

The company manufactures many of its products on fully integrated manufacturing and assembly equipment. The company maintains product quality through a Global Quality Management System with all manufacturing sites certified under ISO 9001:2000. In addition, several of the Littelfuse manufacturing sites are also certified under TS 16949 and ISO 14001.

References herein to “2006” or “fiscal 2006” refer to the fiscal year ended December 30, 2006. References herein to “2007” or “fiscal 2007” refer to the fiscal year ended December 29, 2007. References herein to “2008” or “fiscal 2008” refer to the fiscal year ended December 27, 2008.

The company’s annual report on Form 10-K, quarterly reports on Form 10-Q, current reports on Form 8-K, and all amendments to those reports are available free of charge through the “Investors” section of the company’s Internet website (http://www.littelfuse.com), as soon as practicable after such material is electronically filed with, or furnished to, the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”), accessible via a link to the website maintained by the SEC. Except as otherwise provided herein, such information is not incorporated by reference into this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT: CIRCUIT PROTECTION MARKET

Electronic Products

Electronic circuit protection products are used to protect circuits in a multitude of electronic systems. The company’s product offering includes a complete line of overcurrent and overvoltage solutions, including (i) fuses and protectors, (ii) positive temperature coefficient (“PTC”) resettable fuses, (iii) varistors, (iv) polymer electrostatic discharge (“ESD”) suppressors, (v) discrete transient voltage suppression (“TVS”) diodes, TVS diode arrays and protection thyristors, (vi) gas discharge tubes, (vii) power switching components and (viii) fuseholders, blocks and related accessories.

Electronic fuses and protectors are devices that contain an element that melts in an overcurrent condition. Electronic miniature and subminiature fuses are designed to provide circuit protection in the limited space requirements of electronic equipment. The company’s fuses are used in a wide variety of electronic products, including wireless telephones, consumer electronics, computers, modems and telecommunications equipment. The company markets these products under the trademarked brand names PICO(R) II and NANO2(R) SMF.

Resettable fuses are PTC polymer devices that limit the current when an overcurrent condition exists and then reset themselves once the overcurrent condition has cleared. The company’s product line offers both radial leaded and surface mount products.

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Varistors are ceramic-based high-energy absorption devices that provide transient overvoltage and surge suppression for automotive, telecommunication, consumer electronics and industrial applications. The company’s product line offers both radial leaded and multilayer surface mount products.

Polymer ESD suppressors are polymer-based devices that protect an electronic system from failure due to rapid transfer of electrostatic charge to the circuit. The company’s PulseGuard(R) line of ESD suppressors is used in PC and PC peripherals, digital consumer electronics and wireless applications.

Discrete diodes, diode arrays and protection thyristors are fast switching silicon semiconductor structures. Discrete diodes protect a wide variety of applications from overvoltage transients such as ESD, inductive load switching or lightning, while diode arrays are used primarily as ESD suppressors. Protection thyristors are commonly used to protect telecommunications circuits from overvoltage transients such as those resulting from lightning. Applications include telephones, modems, data transmission lines and alarm systems. The company markets these products under the following trademarked brand names: TECCOR(R), SIDACtor(R) and Battrax(R).

Gas discharge tubes are very low capacitance devices designed to suppress any transient voltage event that is greater than the breakover voltage of the device. These devices are primarily used in telecom interface and conversion equipment applications as protection from overvoltage transients such as lightning.

Power switching components are used to regulate energy to various type loads most commonly found in industrial and home equipment. These components are easily activated from simple control circuits or interfaced to computers for more complex load control. Typical applications include heating, cooling, battery chargers and lighting.

In addition to the above products, the company is also a supplier of fuse holders (including OMNI-BLOK(R)), fuse blocks and fuse clips primarily to customers that purchase circuit protection devices from the company.

Automotive Products

Fuses are extensively used in automobiles, trucks, buses and off-road equipment to protect electrical circuits and the wires that supply electrical power to operate lights, heating, air conditioning, radios, windows and other controls. Currently, a typical automobile contains 30 to 100 fuses, depending upon the options installed. The fuse content per vehicle is expected to continue to grow as more electronic features are included in automobiles. The company also supplies fuses for the protection of electric and hybrid vehicles.

The company is a primary supplier of automotive fuses to United States, Asian and European automotive original equipment manufacturers (“OEM”), automotive component parts manufacturers and automotive parts distributors. The company also sells its fuses in the replacement parts market, with its products being sold through merchandisers, discount stores and service stations, as well as under private label by national firms. The company invented and owns most of the U.S. patents related to the blade-type fuse, which is the standard and most commonly used fuse in the automotive industry. The company’s automotive fuse products are marketed under trademarked brand names, including ATO(R), MINI(R), MAXI(TM), MIDI(R), MEGA(TM), MasterFuse(R), JCASE(R) and CablePro(TM).

A majority of the company’s automotive fuse sales are made to main-fuse box and wire harness manufacturers that incorporate the fuses into their products. The remaining automotive fuse sales are made directly to automotive manufacturers, retailers who sell automotive parts and accessories and distributors who in turn sell most of their products to wholesalers, service stations and non-automotive OEMs.

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Electrical Products

The company entered the electrical market in 1983 and manufactures and sells a broad range of low-voltage and medium-voltage circuit protection products as well as protection relays to electrical distributors and their customers in the construction, OEM and industrial maintenance and repair operations (“MRO”) markets.

Power fuses are used to protect circuits in various types of industrial equipment and in industrial and commercial buildings. They are rated and listed under one of many Underwriters’ Laboratories fuse classifications. Major applications for power fuses include protection from over-load and short-circuit currents in motor branch circuits, heating and cooling systems, control systems, lighting circuits and electrical distribution networks.

The company’s POWR-GARD(R) product line features the Indicator(TM) series power fuse used in both the OEM and MRO markets. The Indicator(TM) technology provides visual blown fuse indication at a glance, reducing maintenance and downtime on production equipment. The Indicator(TM) product offering is widely used in motor protection and industrial control panel applications.

Protection relays are used to protect personnel and equipment in industrial environments and commercial buildings from excessive currents, over voltages and electrical shock hazards called ground-faults. Major applications for protection relays include protection of motor, transformer and power line distribution circuits. Ground fault relays are used to protect personnel and equipment in wet environments such as underground mining or water treatment applications where there is a greater risk for electricity to come in contact with water and create a shock hazard.

PRODUCT DESIGN AND DEVELOPMENT

The company employs scientific, engineering and other personnel to continually improve its existing product lines and to develop new products at its research and engineering facilities in Des Plaines, Illinois; Irving, Texas; Swindon, U.K.; and Duensen, Germany. The Product Technology Department maintains a staff of engineers, chemists, material scientists and technicians whose primary responsibility to design and develop new products.

Proposals for the development of new products are initiated primarily by sales and marketing personnel with input from customers. The entire product development process usually ranges from a few months to 18 months based on the complexity of development, with continuous efforts to reduce the development cycle. During fiscal years 2008, 2007 and 2006, the company expended $24.1 million, $21.7 million and $18.7 million, respectively, on research, product design and development.

PATENTS, TRADEMARKS AND OTHER INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY

The company generally relies on patent and trademark laws and license and nondisclosure agreements to protect intellectual property and proprietary products. In cases where it is deemed necessary by management, key employees are required to sign an agreement that they will maintain the confidentiality of the company’s proprietary information and trade secrets.

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As of December 27, 2008, the company owned 184 patents in North America, 106 patents in the European Economic Community and 49 patents in other foreign countries. The company has also registered trademark protection for certain of its brand names and logos. The 184 North American patents are in the following product categories: 134 electronics; 35 automotive; and 15 electrical. Patents and licenses are amortized over a period of 4-50 years, with a weighted average life of 11.9 years. Distribution networks are amortized over a period of 4-20 years, with a weighted average life of 15.3 years. Trademarks and tradenames are amortized over a period of 5-20 years, with a weighted average life of 14.9 years. The company recorded amortization expense of $3.9 million, $3.3 million, and $3.1 million in 2008, 2007, and 2006, respectively, related to intangible assets.

New products are continually being developed to replace older products. The company regularly applies for patent protection on such new products. Although, in the aggregate, the company’s patents are important in the operation of its businesses, the company believes that the loss by expiration or otherwise of any one patent or group of patents would not materially affect its business.

License royalties amounted to $0.2 million, $0.3 million and $0.4 million for fiscal 2008, 2007 and 2006, respectively, and are included in other expense (income), net on the Consolidated Statements of Income.

MANUFACTURING

The company performs the majority of its own fabrication, stamps some of the metal components used in its fuses, holders and switches from raw metal stock and makes its own contacts and springs. In addition, the company fabricates silicon wafers for certain applications and performs its own plating (silver, nickel, zinc, tin and oxides). All thermoplastic molded component requirements used for such products as the ATO(R), MINI(R) and MAXI™ fuse product lines are met through the company’s in-house molding capabilities.

After components are stamped, molded, plated and readied for assembly, final assembly is accomplished on fully automatic and semi-automatic assembly machines. Quality assurance and operations personnel, using techniques such as statistical process control, perform tests, checks and measurements during the production process to maintain the highest levels of product quality and customer satisfaction.

The principal raw materials for the company’s products include copper and copper alloys, heat resistant plastics, zinc, melamine, glass, silver, raw silicon, solder and various gases. The company uses a sole source for several heat resistant plastics and for zinc, but believes that suitable alternative heat resistant plastics and zinc are available from other sources at comparable prices. All of the other raw materials are purchased from a number of readily available outside sources.

A computer-aided design and manufacturing system (CAD/CAM) expedites product development and machine design and our laboratories test new products, prototype concepts and production run samples. The company participates in “just-in-time” delivery programs with many of its major suppliers and actively promotes the building of strong cooperative relationships with its suppliers by utilizing early supplier involvement techniques and engaging them in pre-engineering product and process development.

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MARKETING

The company’s domestic sales and marketing staff of over 35 people maintain relationships with major OEMs and distributors. The company’s sales, marketing and engineering personnel interact directly with OEM engineers to ensure appropriate circuit protection and reliability within the parameters of the OEM’s circuit design. Internationally, the company maintains a sales and marketing staff of over 100 people with sales offices in the Netherlands, the U.K., Germany, Spain, Ireland, Italy, Singapore, Taiwan, Japan, Brazil, Hong Kong, Korea, China and India. The company also markets its products indirectly through a worldwide organization of over 60 manufacturers’ representatives and distributes through an extensive network of electronics, automotive and electrical distributors.

Electronics

The company uses manufacturers’ representatives to sell its electronics products and to call on major domestic and international OEMs and distributors. The company sells approximately 20 percent of its domestic products directly to OEMs, with the remainder sold through distributors nationwide.

In the Asia-Pacific region, the company maintains a direct sales staff and utilizes distributors in Japan, Singapore, Korea, Taiwan, China, Malaysia, Thailand, Hong Kong, India, Indonesia, Philippines, New Zealand and Australia. In Europe, the company maintains a direct sales force and utilizes manufacturers’ representatives and distributors to support a wide array of customers.

Automotive

The company maintains a direct sales force to service all the major automotive OEMs and system suppliers. Approximately 22 manufacturers’ representatives sell the company’s products to aftermarket fuse retailers such as AutoZone and Pep Boys. In Europe, the company uses both a direct sales force and manufacturers’ representatives to distribute its products to OEMs, major system suppliers and aftermarket distributors. In the Asia-Pacific region, the company uses both a direct sales force and distributors to supply to major OEMs and system suppliers.

Electrical

The company markets and sells its power fuses and protection relays through approximately 37 manufacturers’ representatives across North America. These representatives sell power fuse products through an electrical and industrial distribution network comprised of approximately 4,000 distributor buying locations. These distributors have customers that include electrical contractors, municipalities, utilities and factories (including both MRO and OEM).

The company’s field sales force (including regional sales managers and application engineers) and manufacturers’ representatives call on both distributors and end-users (consulting engineers, municipalities, utilities and OEMs) in an effort to educate these customers on the capabilities and characteristics of the company’s products.

BUSINESS SEGMENT INFORMATION

The company has three operating business unit segments: Electronics; Automotive; and Electrical. For information with respect to the company’s operations in its three reportable business unit segments for the fiscal year ended December 27, 2008, see Business Unit Segment Information included as part of “Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data,” which is incorporated herein by reference.

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CUSTOMERS

The company sells to over 10,000 customers worldwide. Net sales to Arrow Pemco Group were less than 10% for 2008 and 2007, respectively, but 10.6% for 2006. No other single customer accounted for more than 10% of net sales during the last three years. During the 2008, 2007 and 2006, net sales to customers outside the United States (exports and foreign operations) accounted for approximately 62.0%, 61.9% and 61.1%, respectively, of the company’s total net sales.

COMPETITION

The company’s products compete with similar products of other manufacturers, some of which have substantially greater financial resources than the company. In the electronics market, the company’s competitors include AVX, Bel Fuse, Bourns, Cooper Industries, EPCOS, On Semiconductor, STMicroelectronics and Tyco Electronics. In the automotive market, the company’s competitors include Cooper Industries, Pacific Engineering (a private company in Japan) and MTA (a private company in Italy). In the electrical market, the company’s major competitors include Cooper Industries and Ferraz Shawmut. The company believes that it competes on the basis of innovative products, the breadth of its product line, the quality and design of its products and the responsiveness of its customer service in addition to price.

BACKLOG

The backlog of unfilled orders at December 27, 2008, was approximately $53.9 million, compared to $77.2 million at December 29, 2007. Substantially all of the orders currently in backlog are scheduled for delivery in 2009.

EMPLOYEES

As of December 27, 2008, the company employed approximately 6,300 employees. Approximately four employees in the U.S., 1,022 employees in Mexico and 86 employees in Germany are covered by collective bargaining agreements. The U.S. agreement expires on March 31, 2009, the Mexico agreements expire February 28, 2010 for 484 employees and January 31, 2010 for 538 employees for Matamoros and Piedras Negras, respectively, and the Germany agreement expires April 30, 2010 for 6 employees and is under discussion for 80 employees. Overall, the company has historically maintained satisfactory employee relations, and many of its employees have long service with the company.

ENVIRONMENTAL REGULATION

The company is subject to numerous foreign, federal, state and local regulations relating to air and water quality, the disposal of hazardous waste materials, safety and health. Compliance with applicable environmental regulations has not significantly changed the company’s competitive position, capital spending or earnings in the past and the company does not presently anticipate that compliance with such regulations will change its competitive position, capital spending or earnings for the foreseeable future.

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The company employs an environmental engineer to monitor regulatory matters and believes that it is currently in compliance in all material respects with applicable environmental laws and regulations, except with respect to its facilities located in Ireland and Irving, Texas. The Ireland facility was acquired in October 1999 in connection with the acquisition from Harris Corporation of its suppression products division. Certain containment actions have been ongoing and full disclosure with appropriate agencies in Ireland has been initiated. The company received an indemnity from Harris Corporation with respect to these matters. The Irving, Texas facility lease was assumed in July 2003 in connection with the acquisition of Teccor Electronics, Inc. The company is taking the appropriate measures to bring this facility into compliance with Texas environmental laws, and the company also received an indemnity from Invensys plc with respect to this matter.

Littelfuse GmbH (formerly known as Heinrich Industries, AG), which was acquired by the company in May 2004, is responsible for maintaining coal mine shaft entrances. The company is compliant with German regulations pertaining to the maintenance of the mines and has an accrual related to these coal mine shafts based on an engineering study estimating the cost of remediating the dangers (such as a shaft collapse) of abandoned coal mine shafts in Germany. The reserve is calculated based upon the cost of remediating the shafts that the study deems most risky. Further information regarding the coal mine liability reserve is provided in Note 10 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements included in this report.

10-K

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